GKV ENGINEERS

GKV ENGINEERS, An Electrical Engineering Consultancy providing a full range of power system engineering services that will assist your organization in creating a safe and reliable engineering solutions relating to all aspects of the power system including generation, transmission and distribution.
The areas of involvement of Electrical Engineering includes plant power auxiliary distribution system along with power system engineering, Equipment specification, earthing, illumination and cable engineering.
Extensive Computer Aided Design and Drafting facilities are used for analysis, design and preparation of drawings. Specialized software packages, such as ETAP are used for Power System studies

We perform power system engineering services that will assist your organization in creating a safe and reliable environment when operating electrical distribution systems.

Electrical Power System Engineering Services Include :

Short Circuit Analysis

The origins of short circuit in network are accidental disturbance caused by undesired contact between the conductors, dielectric breakdown of insulation due to overvoltage's, breaking of cable, falling of trees, contacts with animal or human errors. The effect depend on the architecture of the power system. Short Circuit Analysis is performed to determine the currents that flow in a power system under fault conditions. The purpose of studying a network configuration subject to a short circuit is to :

• Identification of risk situation that can possibly causes destruction of devices due to electrodynamic forces,excessive temperature rise and overvoltage.
• Accessing the risk and assist in making basic design decision to limit the effect of fault concerning system earthing design, suitable sizing of devices.
• If the short circuit capacity of the system exceeds the capacity of the protective device, a dangerous situation exists. Since growth of a power system often results in increased available short-circuit current, the momentary and interrupting rating of new and existing equipment on the system must be checked to ensure the equipment can withstand the short-circuit energy. Fault contributions for utility sources, motors and generators are taken into consideration. The results of a study are also used to selectively coordinate electrical protective devices.

ARC Flash Analysis

Arc flash analyses is important to know the actual level of danger. It is helpful to decide proper personal protective equipment (PPE) required for electrical equipment operator or employee.
Electrical systems are dynamic in nature and change over time due to internal modification, adding new equipment and changing of the load characteristics.It can affect the level of arc flash energy. A study is normally recommended for every time the system changes.

Following parameter should be validated during study :

• The Arc Flash Boundary
• The Level of PPE Required
• The Presence of a Flash Hazard

Protective Device Coordination Studies

An electrical network that malfunctions must notendanger life and property. Network protection is a set of devices that detect abnormal situations and react in a reliable, discriminate and rapid manner. The purpose of protective device coordination studies is to: Identify abnormal operating situations that mayresult in accidents for humans, destruction of devices or the loss of supply for consumers,determine the necessary measures to ensure the protection of life and property, and the availability of electrical energy. The electrical phenomena that must be studied are those present:

• During operation at power frequency, when operating malfunctions occur affecting the rated values, e.g. power (overload), current, voltage,frequency, etc. during faults, short-circuits and over voltages.
• Protection devices must be suited to: normal system operation which may drift toward abnormal conditions (overloads, voltage sags, etc.) foreseeable accidental disturbances, including short-circuits, human errors,network architecture (radial, open or closed loop)

Load Flow, Voltage Drop and Power Factor Studies

Load flow calculations are used to analyse power systems under steady-state and non-faulted conditions. The load flow calculates the active and reactive power flows for all branches, and the voltage magnitude and phase for all nodes.
The main areas for the application of load flow calculations are:

• Calculation of branch loadings, system losses and voltage profiles for system planning and operation (normal and abnormal conditions).
• Contingency analysis, network security assessment (abnormal conditions).
• Optimization tasks, i.e. minimizing system losses, minimizing generation costs, open tie optimization in distributed networks, etc. (normal or abnormal conditions).
• Verification of system conditions during reliability calculations.
• Automatic determination of optimal system resupplying strategies.
• Optimization of load-shedding (abnormal conditions).

Ground/Earthing Mat Analysis

Ground Mat Analysis is performed to determine the step and touch potential voltages that could be present posing a serious danger to personnel. The analysis is performed to help optimize grid design or reinforce existing grids of any shape.

Device Evaluation

Device evaluation is performed to determine which components do not exceed the necessary short circuit or load ratings they require based on the calculated values from the short circuit analysis or load flow analysis. An equipment evaluation study compares component short circuit ratings and continuous ratings with calculated short circuit and operating conditions. It is an extension of a short circuit study.

 

Harmonics

One of several aspects of power quality is the harmonic content of voltages and currents. Harmonics can be analysed in either the frequency domain, or in the time-domain with post-processing using Fourier Analysis.
Harmonic load flow calculates actual harmonic indices related to voltage or current distortion, and harmonic losses caused by harmonic sources (usually non-linear loads such as current converters).
These studies are typically associated with the installation of capacitor banks or reactors, and for designing and evaluating the performance of harmonic filter banks.

Motor Starting Studies

Motor Starting Studies are performed on a power system to determine unusual consequences of starting a large motor. There are many considerations to starting a motor other than effectively connecting it to the line voltage. Nuisance tripping and excessive running currents, as well as dimming of lights, are signs that a power system isn't performing properly.

During starting, an AC induction motor will draw greater-than-normal running current, typically about 600 % of rated full-load current and will last as long, although diminishing in magnitude, as the motor attain to full speed. If a motor is started with a mechanical load connected to the shaft, inrush current will be drawn for a longer period of time. The power system should be able to supply inrush to any motor on the system while supplying normal service for the rest of the system. If the system does not have sufficient capacity, there will be excessively voltage drops and insufficient capacity for motor starting.